Úvod
AUkufakwa kwe-33kVIngxenye ebalulekile kumanethiwekhi okusatshalaliswa kwamandla aphakathi nendawo.
33kvUmhlahlandlela wokufaka esikhundlenizibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zamandla kagesi, kufaka phakathi ama-grids okusatshalaliswa kwezinkampani, izindawo zezimboni, amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda, nezinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo.
Le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa okubanzi kwezingane ezingama-33kv - Isakhiwo sabo, izinhlobo, izingxenye, izinhlelo zokusebenza, amapharamitha wezobuchwepheshe, imikhuba yokufaka, nemikhuba yokufaka, nokuningi.
1. Izingxenye ezibalulekile zokufakwa esikhundleni se-33kv
AUkufakwa kwe-33kVimvamisa iqukethe izakhi ezilandelayo ezibalulekile:
a.
- I-Step-Down Voltage kusuka ku-33kV kuya ku-11kv noma ngaphansi
- Izinhlobo: I-OIL-EXTREDED, TYST-TYPE
- Izici: Ukupholisa okusebenzayo (i-Onan / ONAF), Ukulayishwa ngokweqile
b.
- I-medium-voltage switchgear yokulawula nokuvikelwa
- Abaphula umjikelezo: Abaphula umthetho we-Vacuum (VCB) noma uhlobo lwe-SF6
- Ukunqamulwa, ukushintshwa kwekhefu lokulayisha, ama-isolators, ukushintshwa komhlaba komhlaba
c.
- Eyenziwe ngethusi noma i-aluminium
- Ukucushwa: Okukodwa, Okuphindwe Kabili Uhlobo
- Iqinisekisa ukubekezelela amaphutha kanye nokubuyiselwa kwamandla
d.
- Ukudluliselwa okuphezulu
- Ukudluliselwa kokuhlukile
- I-Earth Eart Father idlulisela
- Bahlinzwa ababhalisile
- Umfula
e.
- Amandla okusebenza endawo / akude
- Ukulawulwa kwedijithali okulungele i-Scada
- Izinkomba, ama-alamu, ukufakwa metering
f.
- Ukunikezwa kwamandla okusiza kwe-DC & AC
- Amabhange ebhethri
- I-HVAC (YOKUZIPHATHA KWAMAHHALA)
g.
- Kubalulekile kwimishini kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi
- Ama-Mesh Earthing noma ama-Grid-based Systems
2. Ithebula lezobuchwepheshe
| Ingxenye | Rozsah shiccikací |
|---|---|
| Jmenovité Napětí | 33kv |
| Ama-voltages wesibili | I-11kv / 415v / 230V |
| Kapacita Transformátoru | I-500kva kuya ku-10MVA (ngokwezifiso kuze kufike ku-25MVA) |
| I-Frekxence | I-50hz / 60hz |
| Isilinganiso sokujikeleza esifushane | 25Ka ka-3 sec |
| I-BIL (Izinga Lokususa) | I-170kvp |
| Isilinganiso seBusbar | I-1250A - 4000a |
| Metoda chlazení | Onan / ONAF |
| Uhlobo lwe-Breaker | I-VCB / SF6 |
| Izivumelwano Zokuxhumana | IEC 61850, Modbus, DNP3 |
| Yp krytu | Indlu / Ongaphandle (IP55 noma ngenhla) |
3. Izinhlobo zezingane ezingama-33kv
a.
- Ilungele izindawo zasemakhaya noma zasemadolobheni
- Ibiza kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyigcina
- Idinga uthango nezindawo zokuphepha ezifanele
b.
- I-Compact, ivikelwe isimo sezulu
- Okungcono kakhulu ezikhungweni zasemadolobheni kanye nengqalasizinda ebucayi
- Idinga i-hvac nokucindezela komlilo
c.
- Idizayini ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisa i-transformer, i-switchgear, nokuvikelwa
- Uhlobo lwe-plug-and-play, lusindisa isikhala
- Kuvame ukusetshenziswa emapulazini elanga, imibhoshongo yeselula, kanye nezidingo zokuhanjiswa okusheshayo
d.
- Ifakwe kuma-trailer
- Isetshenziselwe izimo eziphuthumayo, ama-backups wegridi ehluleka, noma imicimbi yesikhashana
4. Izicelo zezingane ezi-33kv
Izinto ezifakiwe ezingama-33kv zisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni kanye nokusetha kwengqalasizinda:
- Izinsiza Zokusabalalisa Amandla: ukwehla kwehla ama-voltage amadolobhana namadolobhana
- Izikhungo Zokukhiqiza Ezikhulu
- Izimayini nezensimbi
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla okuvuselelekayo: Ilanga, umoya, amapulazi a-hybrid
- Ukuthutha: Metro, Railways (Amandla weTraction)
- Izakhiwo Zentengiso: Izikhungo zedatha, izitolo zezitolo
- Izisekelo zempi nezokuvikela
- Izibhedlela namayunivesithi
I-5. Izinzuzo zezingane ezingama-33kv
- Inciphise ukulahleka kokuhambisaNgenxa yeleveli ephezulu ye-voltage
- Ukuphepha okuthuthukileNgokudluliselwa kokuvikelwa kwesimanje
- Inkalalangokungezwa kwamandla esizayo
- Automation-Ready(Scada, Ukuxilongwa Okude)
- Idizayini eyenziwe ngokwezifiso(AIS, GIS, Hybrid)
- Eco-friendlyNge-SF6 encishisiwe kanye nokupholisa okusebenzayo
I-6. Ukufakwa nezinkombandlela zokuthumela
- Yenza kungenzeka kanye nokuhlolwa kokumelana nomhlabathi kwenhlabathi
- Qinisekisa ukuthi i-Clearance enemvume kanye nezokuphepha
- Sebenzisa izisekelo zomphakathi zemishini
- Beka izintambo zokulawula emikhondweni enemibhalo
- Qinisekisa ukuthengiswa kanye nokuqina kokubopha
- Hlola ukudluliswa ngakunye, i-CT, PT, ne-Breaker njenge-IEC 60255
- Yenza ukuhlolwa kokumelana kokungena, ukuhlolwa kokumelana
- Hlanganisa ne-scada (uma ikhona)
- Umthwalo futhi awukho umthwalo wokulayisha
7. Ukuphepha namazinga
Izinto ezi-33kv kufanele zivumelane namazinga aphesheya kanye nasekhaya:
- IEC 62271 - I-Shintsha eliphakeme le-voltage
- I-IEC 60076 - Amandla Amandla
- IEEE 1584 - Izifundo ze-ARC Flash
- I-ISO 45001 - Ukuphepha emsebenzini
- IEC 61000 - Ukuhambisana kwe-EMC
- Amakhodi weNational Fire Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
8. Ubuchwepheshe obuqhamukayo ezingeni
- I-Digital Petrationsnge-IEDS
- Ukutholwa kwe-arc flashnokuvikelwa kokuvikelwa
- Ukuxilongwa okukude nge-IOT
- I-Smart switchchearNgokunakekelwa kokubikezela
- Ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokugcina i-Battery Energy (BESS)
- Ama-cybersecution aqinise amaphaneli wokulawula
9. Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo (I-FAQ)
Q1: Yini eyenza ukubambezelwa kwe-33kV kulungele ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni?
A1:I-33kV inikeza ukulinganisela phakathi kwamandla aphezulu okudlulisela kanye nosayizi owenziwe ngemishini, okwenza kubiza kakhulu izidingo zamandla ezimboni.
Q2: Ubona kanjani usayizi wokufakwa esikhundleni se-33kv?
A2:Kuya ngomthwalo ophelele oxhunyiwe, amasu wokunwetshwa kwesikhathi esizayo, ukubalwa kwevola kagesi, kanye nezifundo zebanga lephutha.
Q3: Ngabe indawo engu-33kV ingasebenza ngemithombo evuselelekayo?
A3:Yebo, amapulazi amaningi elanga namapulazi avuthayo phezulu noma ahlehlise amandla ngokufakwa kwezingane ezingama-33kv ahlanganiswe nabakwa-Inverters nokuvikelwa okuhle.
10. ISIPHETHO
U-SpránkáchUkufakwa kwe-33kVyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwanamuhla lwamandla kagesi.
Noma ngabe yakhelwe njengezinhlelo ze-Indoor GIS noma i-Open Outdoor AIS Subrations, zihlinzeka ngempumeleloUbuqhwagaAbaphathi.
Uma uhlela iphrojekthi edinga ukufakwa kwe-33kv, thintana neqembu lethu lobunjiniyela besazi sokwakha nokusekelwa okwenziwe ngokwezifiso.
